Latest Crohn’s and Colitis News and Research
Oral Crohn’s Disease: The proof is in the “cinnamon-free” pudding. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019 Sep 11;: Authors: Crooks B, Probert CS, Limdi JK PMID: 31520729 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher] PubMed Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31520729?dopt=Abstract
Read MoreReview article: the genetics of the human leucocyte antigen region in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2019 Sep 13;: Authors: Ashton JJ, Latham K, Beattie RM, Ennis S Abstract BACKGROUND: The human leucocyte antigen (HLA) complex, located at chromosome 6p21.3 is a highly polymorphic region containing the classical class I and II HLA genes. The region is highly associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), largely through genome-wide association studies (GWAS). AIMS: To review the role of HLA in immune function, summarise data on risk/protective HLA genotypes for IBD, discuss…
Read MoreRelated Articles Cleavage of RIPK1 by caspase-8 is crucial for limiting apoptosis and necroptosis. Nature. 2019 Sep 11;: Authors: Newton K, Wickliffe KE, Dugger DL, Maltzman A, Roose-Girma M, Dohse M, Kőműves L, Webster JD, Dixit VM Abstract The aspartate-specific cysteine protease caspase-8 suppresses necroptotic cell death mediated by RIPK3 and MLKL. Indeed, mice that lack caspase-8 die in a RIPK3- and MLKL-dependent manner during embryogenesis1-3. In humans, caspase-8 deficiency is associated with immunodeficiency4 or very early onset inflammatory bowel disease5. The substrates that are cleaved by caspase-8 to prevent necroptosis…
Read MoreInterventions for maintenance of surgically induced remission in Crohn’s disease: a network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Sep 12;9:CD013210 Authors: Iheozor-Ejiofor Z, Gordon M, Clegg A, Freeman SC, Gjuladin-Hellon T, MacDonald JK, Akobeng AK Abstract BACKGROUND: Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic disease of the gut. About 75% of people with CD undergo surgery at least once in their lifetime to induce remission. However, as there is no known cure for the disease, patients usually experience a recurrence even after surgery. Different interventions are routinely used in maintaining postsurgical…
Read MoreSuppressive and Gut Reparative Functions of Human Type 1 T-regulatory Cells. Gastroenterology. 2019 Sep 09;: Authors: Cook L, Stahl M, Han X, Nazli A, MacDonald KN, Wong MQ, Tsai K, Dizzell S, Jacobson K, Bressler B, Kaushic C, Vallance BA, Steiner TS, Levings MK Abstract BACKGROUND & AIMS: T-regulatory (Treg) cells suppress the immune response to maintain homeostasis. There are 2 main subsets of Treg cells: FOXP3-positive Treg cells, which do not produce high levels of effector cytokines, and type 1 Treg (Tr1) cells, which are FOXP3-negative and secrete interleukin…
Read MoreRelated Articles The influence of microscopic inflammation at resection margins on early postoperative endoscopic recurrence after ileocaecal resection for Crohn’s disease. J Crohns Colitis. 2019 Sep 10;: Authors: Poredska K, Kunovsky L, Marek F, Kala Z, Prochazka V, Dolina J, Zboril V, Kovalcikova P, Pavlik T, Jabandziev P, Pavlovsky Z, Vlazny J, Mitas L Abstract BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The pathogenesis and risk factors for early postoperative endoscopic recurrence of Crohn’s disease (CD) remain unclear. Thus, this study aimed to identify whether histological inflammation at the resection margins after an ileocaecal…
Read MoreRectal Candidiasis Mimicking Ulcerative Colitis in an Immunocompetent Patient. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2019 Aug 29;: Authors: Köklü S, Köklü H PMID: 31504543 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher] PubMed Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31504543?dopt=Abstract
Read MorePedictors of Perianal Fistula Relapse in Crohn’s Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2019 Aug 30;: Authors: Malian A, Rivière P, Bouchard D, Pigot F, Eléouet-Kaplan M, Favreau-Weltzer C, Poullenot F, Laharie D Abstract BACKGROUND: Despite an optimal medico-surgical management of perineal Crohn’s disease (PCD), fistula relapse still occurs in 30% of patients. Our aim was to determine predictors of fistula relapse in patients in remission after treatment of a PCD lesion. METHODS: Consecutive patients treated for fistulizing PCD have been included in a retrospective study when they achieved fistula remission within…
Read MoreAssessing Small Bowel Stricturing and Morphology in Crohn’s Disease Using Semi-automated Image Analysis. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2019 Aug 29;: Authors: Stidham RW, Enchakalody B, Waljee AK, Higgins PDR, Wang SC, Su GL, Wasnik AP, Al-Hawary M Abstract BACKGROUND: Evaluating structural damage using imaging is essential for the evaluation of small intestinal Crohn’s disease (CD), but it is limited by potential interobserver variation. We compared the agreement of enterography-based bowel damage measurements collected by experienced radiologists and a semi-automated image analysis system. METHODS: Patients with small bowel CD undergoing a CT-enterography…
Read MoreThe Changing Epidemiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: What Goes Up May Come Down. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2019 Aug 23;: Authors: Khalili H Abstract Recent epidemiologic studies have shown that although the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rapidly increasing in newly industrialized countries, at the turn of the 21st century the incidence had stabilized in the Western world. In this issue of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Torabi and colleagues present their findings on the temporal trends and geographic variations in IBD incidence in Manitoba from 1990 to 2012 using the…
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